YES # Compositional critical pair system (Shintani and Hirokawa 2022). Consider the left-linear TRS R: b(w(x)) -> w(w(w(b(x)))) w(b(x)) -> b(x) b(b(x)) -> w(w(w(w(x)))) w(w(x)) -> w(x) Let C be the following subset of R: (empty) The critical pair system CPS(R,C) is: w(b(w(x0))) -> w(w(w(w(b(x0))))) w(b(w(x0))) -> b(w(x0)) b(b(w(x0))) -> b(w(w(w(b(x0))))) b(b(w(x0))) -> w(w(w(w(w(x0))))) b(w(b(x0))) -> b(b(x0)) b(w(b(x0))) -> w(w(w(b(b(x0))))) w(w(b(x0))) -> w(b(x0)) w(b(b(x0))) -> w(w(w(w(w(x0))))) w(b(b(x0))) -> b(b(x0)) b(b(b(x0))) -> b(w(w(w(w(x0))))) b(b(b(x0))) -> w(w(w(w(b(x0))))) b(w(w(x0))) -> b(w(x0)) b(w(w(x0))) -> w(w(w(b(w(x0))))) w(w(w(x0))) -> w(w(x0)) All pairs in PCP(R) are joinable and PCPS(R,C)/R is terminating. Therefore, the confluence of R follows from that of C. # emptiness The empty TRS is confluent.