YES

# parallel critical pair closing system (Shintani and Hirokawa 2022)

Consider the left-linear TRS R:

  a() -> c()
  c() -> a()
  c() -> h(a(),c())

Let C be the following subset of R:

  a() -> c()
  c() -> h(a(),c())

The TRS R is left-linear and all parallel critical pairs are joinable by C.
Therefore, the confluence of R follows from that of C.

# parallel critical pair closing system (Shintani and Hirokawa 2022)

Consider the left-linear TRS R:

  a() -> c()
  c() -> h(a(),c())

Let C be the following subset of R:

  (empty)

The TRS R is left-linear and all parallel critical pairs are joinable by C.
Therefore, the confluence of R follows from that of C.

# emptiness

The empty TRS is confluent.