YES # Compositional critical pair system (Shintani and Hirokawa 2022). Consider the left-linear TRS R: f(g(g(x))) -> a() f(g(h(x))) -> b() f(h(g(x))) -> b() f(h(h(x))) -> c() g(x) -> h(x) a() -> b() b() -> c() Let C be the following subset of R: (empty) The critical pair system CPS(R,C) is: f(g(g(y0))) -> f(h(g(y0))) f(g(g(y0))) -> a() f(g(g(y0))) -> f(g(h(y0))) f(g(h(y0))) -> f(h(h(y0))) f(g(h(y0))) -> b() f(h(g(y0))) -> f(h(h(y0))) f(h(g(y0))) -> b() All pairs in PCP(R) are joinable and PCPS(R,C)/R is terminating. Therefore, the confluence of R follows from that of C. # emptiness The empty TRS is confluent.